How to attract black-and-white warblers to your yard
Black-and-white Warblers respond to four things: the right food, the right plants, water and safe nesting cover. Here is what each means for this particular bird, drawn from its range across 43 states and provinces.
First: is it in your area, and when?
You can only attract a bird that passes through or lives near you, so start with timing. It arrives only to breed in 41, such as Alabama, Alberta, Arkansas, British Columbia, Connecticut, Delaware and 35 more, so set up before spring arrival. It is a winter visitor in 2, including Florida, Texas, where feeders and winter fruit matter most.
Plant what black-and-white warblers use
These native plants are tied to the Black-and-white Warbler in our regional plant lists (Audubon Native Plants and state sources). The count shows how many states or provinces list the plant for this bird — higher means it works across more of the range. Pick the ones native where you live.
| Plant | Type | States | Why it helps |
|---|---|---|---|
| American elderberry Sambucus canadensis | Shrub | 37 | Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species. |
| Black cherry Prunus serotina | Tree | 36 | Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees. |
| Serviceberry Amelanchier arborea | Tree | 36 | Early-summer berries arrive exactly when nestlings are being fed. |
| White oak Quercus alba | Tree | 34 | Acorns plus hundreds of caterpillar species for nestling food. |
| Arrowwood viburnum Viburnum dentatum | Shrub | 31 | Blue-black fall fruit and dense nesting cover. |
| Spicebush Lindera benzoin | Shrub | 28 | Lipid-rich red fruit fuels fall migrants. |
| Flowering dogwood Cornus florida | Tree | 27 | Fat-rich red fall fruit taken by thrushes, bluebirds and woodpeckers. |
| Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa | Tree | 22 | Drought-hardy prairie oak with large acorns and a heavy insect load. |
| New England aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae | Perennial | 22 | Late nectar for insects and fall seed for sparrows. |
| Tall goldenrod Solidago altissima | Perennial | 13 | Insect-rich in fall and seed in winter. |
Your list covers 3 plant layers (shrub, tree, perennial). Layering matters: mixing shrub, tree, perennial gives black-and-white warblers food, perches and cover at different heights. Leave seed heads and fruit standing into winter instead of cutting back in fall.
Offer the food it actually eats
Insects and larvae probed from bark furrows.
- Warm months
- Caterpillars, beetles, ants and spiders
- Cold months
- Insects in the tropics; suet on rare occasions
- At feeders
- Suet (rarely, on migration)
Feeder style matters as much as food: suet cage or tail-prop suet feeder is the first choice for this bird. The only warbler that habitually creeps on trunks; occasionally visits suet during cold migration snaps. Feeder guide →
Give it a place to nest
Natural site: Cup on the ground at the base of a tree or stump.
It does not use nest boxes, so the way to host a nest is cover: keep dense native shrubs, vines or trees of the kind listed above, and avoid pruning them during the nesting season.
- Clutch
- 4–6 eggs
- Incubation
- 10–12 days
- Nestling period
- 8–12 days
- Broods per year
- 1 per season
Timing shifts with latitude: nesting begins around April in Alabama but not until June in Wisconsin. Don't trim shrubs or clean boxes during those months.
Water, safety and patience
- A shallow bath (1–2 in deep) with a rough bottom, refreshed every 2–3 days; a dripper or heater makes it far more attractive in summer heat and winter freeze.
- Place feeders within 3 ft of windows or more than 30 ft away to cut window strikes, and keep cats indoors.
- Skip pesticides — most backyard birds feed insects to their nestlings, even seed-eaters.
- Give it time. New feeders and plantings can take days to weeks to be found; a summer breeder won't appear until it returns in spring.
Frequently asked
What attracts black-and-white warblers to a yard?
Food they actually eat (suet (rarely, on migration)), native plants such as American elderberry, Black cherry, Serviceberry, clean water and suitable nesting cover: cup on the ground at the base of a tree or stump.
What plants attract black-and-white warblers?
Across the Black-and-white Warbler's range, the native plants most often tied to it are American elderberry (Sambucus canadensis), Black cherry (Prunus serotina), Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea), White oak (Quercus alba), Arrowwood viburnum (Viburnum dentatum). Choose the ones native to your state.
When should I set up my yard for nesting black-and-white warblers?
Nesting starts around April in Alabama and as late as June in Wisconsin. Have cover, water ready a month before.
Sources
- Black-and-white Warbler — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
- Black-and-white Warbler life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
- Black-and-white Warbler — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
- Audubon Native Plants Database
Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.