Maine · Summer breeder

Eastern Phoebes in Maine

When eastern phoebes are present in Maine, when they nest, which native Maine plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 3b–6b yard.

Tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae)Eastern PhoebeSayornis phoebe
Status in Maine
Summer breeder
Nesting window
May–July
Broods
1–2 per season
Hardiness zones
USDA 3b–6b

When to expect eastern phoebes in Maine

Eastern Phoebes are summer residents in Maine, arriving shortly before nesting begins in May and leaving after the young are independent. Through the season they feed on wasps, beetles and flies.

Humid continental with a long, rocky Atlantic coast and extensive northern spruce-fir forest.

Nesting in Maine

Across Maine, eastern phoebes typically nest from May–July. Nest site: mud-and-moss cup on a ledge under an overhang. Females lay 2–6 eggs, incubate for 15–16 days, and young leave the nest after 16–20 days.

Cool, short summers; many songbirds do not begin nesting until late May.

  • Eastern Phoebes don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as serviceberry, white oak, bur oak for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after July.

Native Maine plants that attract eastern phoebes

Of the regional native plants we track for Maine, these 8 provide food or cover eastern phoebes use:

Serviceberry
Amelanchier arborea · Tree

Early-summer berries arrive exactly when nestlings are being fed.

White oak
Quercus alba · Tree

Acorns plus hundreds of caterpillar species for nestling food.

Bur oak
Quercus macrocarpa · Tree

Drought-hardy prairie oak with large acorns and a heavy insect load.

Black cherry
Prunus serotina · Tree

Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees.

American elderberry
Sambucus canadensis · Shrub

Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species.

Arrowwood viburnum
Viburnum dentatum · Shrub

Blue-black fall fruit and dense nesting cover.

Spicebush
Lindera benzoin · Shrub

Lipid-rich red fruit fuels fall migrants.

New England aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae · Perennial

Late nectar for insects and fall seed for sparrows.

Feeding eastern phoebes through the Maine year

One of the earliest returning migrants; phoebes nest on porch ledges and under bridges.

  • Best foods: Mealworms.
  • In Maine's summer: offer water and insect foods; natural food is abundant.

Full diet breakdown for eastern phoebes · Best feeder for eastern phoebes

Frequently asked

Are eastern phoebes in Maine year-round?

No. Eastern Phoebes are summer breeders in Maine and leave for the winter.

When do eastern phoebes nest in Maine?

Nesting in Maine typically runs May–July, with 1–2 per season. Clutches are 2–6 eggs, incubated for 15–16 days.

What native plants attract eastern phoebes in Maine?

Serviceberry, White oak, Bur oak, Black cherry, American elderberry, Arrowwood viburnum, Spicebush, New England aster are native plants in Maine that provide food or cover for eastern phoebes.

Eastern Phoebes in other regions

Other backyard birds in Maine

Sources

  1. Eastern Phoebe — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Eastern Phoebe life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Eastern Phoebe — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — Maine
  5. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.