Maine · Summer breeder

Eastern Towhees in Maine

When eastern towhees are present in Maine, when they nest, which native Maine plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 3b–6b yard.

New World sparrows (Passerellidae)Eastern TowheePipilo erythrophthalmus
Status in Maine
Summer breeder
Nesting window
June–July
Broods
2–3 per season
Hardiness zones
USDA 3b–6b

When to expect eastern towhees in Maine

Eastern Towhees are summer residents in Maine, arriving shortly before nesting begins in June and leaving after the young are independent. Through the season they feed on beetles, caterpillars and spiders.

Humid continental with a long, rocky Atlantic coast and extensive northern spruce-fir forest.

Nesting in Maine

Across Maine, eastern towhees typically nest from June–July. Nest site: cup on or near the ground under shrubs. Females lay 2–6 eggs, incubate for 12–13 days, and young leave the nest after 10–12 days.

Cool, short summers; many songbirds do not begin nesting until late May.

  • Eastern Towhees don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as eastern red cedar, serviceberry, winterberry for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after July.

Native Maine plants that attract eastern towhees

Of the regional native plants we track for Maine, these 8 provide food or cover eastern towhees use:

Eastern red cedar
Juniperus virginiana · Tree

Dense evergreen roost cover and bluish 'berries' eaten through winter.

Serviceberry
Amelanchier arborea · Tree

Early-summer berries arrive exactly when nestlings are being fed.

Winterberry
Ilex verticillata · Shrub

Deciduous holly holding red fruit into mid-winter.

Staghorn sumac
Rhus typhina · Shrub

Fruit clusters persist all winter as emergency food.

Smooth sumac
Rhus glabra · Shrub

Red fruit heads hang on through winter.

Black cherry
Prunus serotina · Tree

Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees.

American elderberry
Sambucus canadensis · Shrub

Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species.

Arrowwood viburnum
Viburnum dentatum · Shrub

Blue-black fall fruit and dense nesting cover.

Feeding eastern towhees through the Maine year

Towhees 'double-scratch' in leaf litter. Leave leaves under shrubs rather than raking them.

  • Best foods: Millet, Cracked corn, Hulled sunflower.
  • In Maine's summer: offer water and insect foods; natural food is abundant.

Full diet breakdown for eastern towhees · Best feeder for eastern towhees

Frequently asked

Are eastern towhees in Maine year-round?

No. Eastern Towhees are summer breeders in Maine and leave for the winter.

When do eastern towhees nest in Maine?

Nesting in Maine typically runs June–July, with 2–3 per season. Clutches are 2–6 eggs, incubated for 12–13 days.

What native plants attract eastern towhees in Maine?

Eastern red cedar, Serviceberry, Winterberry, Staghorn sumac, Smooth sumac, Black cherry, American elderberry, Arrowwood viburnum are native plants in Maine that provide food or cover for eastern towhees.

Eastern Towhees in other regions

Other backyard birds in Maine

Sources

  1. Eastern Towhee — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Eastern Towhee life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Eastern Towhee — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — Maine
  5. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.