Great Spotted Woodpeckers in Portugal
When the Great Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos major) is present in Portugal, when it nests, and which native Portugal plants supply the food it depends on.
- Status in Portugal
- Resident all year
- Nesting season
- March–June
- Size
- 23 cm, 85 g
- Nest box
- Does not use enclosed boxes
When to expect great spotted woodpeckers in Portugal
The Great Spotted Woodpecker lives in Portugal all year round. Mild, wet winters that attract many wintering European songbirds.
Mediterranean with strong Atlantic influence, wetter in the north.
Nesting in Portugal
In Portugal the Great Spotted Woodpecker usually nests March–June. Nest site: excavated tree hole. Clutches are 4–6 eggs, incubated for 10–13 days; chicks fledge after 20–24 days, and pairs raise 1 per year.
- The Great Spotted Woodpecker does not use enclosed nest boxes — dense native shrubs and climbers give it nest sites.
- Avoid cutting hedges during the nesting season (roughly March to August) — in the UK, disturbing an active nest is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
Native Portugal plants for great spotted woodpeckers
Of the native plants we track for Portugal, these 8 provide food the Great Spotted Woodpecker uses:
Haws feed thrushes all winter; spring blossom supports hundreds of insect species.
Late-winter berries when little else is left, plus dense nesting cover.
Late-summer berries taken by Blackcaps and thrushes.
Thorny cover that protects nests; early blossom for insects.
Berries and nest sites in its tangles; moths for insect-eaters.
Blackberries and impenetrable nesting cover.
Early-summer cherries for Blackbirds and Jays.
Windfalls sustain thrushes and Fieldfares into winter.
Feeding in the garden
Insect larvae, seeds and nuts; also nestlings.
- Best foods: Peanuts, Suet.
- Feeders: Suet cage, Peanut mesh.
- Juveniles have a red crown — often mistaken for another species in summer.
Frequently asked questions
Frequently asked
Are great spotted woodpeckers in Portugal all year?
Yes — the Great Spotted Woodpecker is resident in Portugal all year.
When do great spotted woodpeckers nest in Portugal?
Typically March–June. Clutches are 4–6 eggs, incubated for 10–13 days, with 1 per year.
Which native plants help great spotted woodpeckers in Portugal?
Hawthorn, Ivy, Elder, Blackthorn, Honeysuckle, Bramble, Wild cherry, Crab apple are native to Portugal and provide food or cover the Great Spotted Woodpecker uses.
Great Spotted Woodpeckers in other countries
Other garden birds in Portugal
Sources
- Great Spotted Woodpecker — RSPB bird guide
- Great Spotted Woodpecker — BTO BirdFacts
- SPEA — Atlas das Aves Nidificantes
Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.