Coal Tits in Portugal
When the Coal Tit (Periparus ater) is present in Portugal, when it nests, and which native Portugal plants supply the food it depends on.
- Status in Portugal
- Resident all year
- Nesting season
- March–June
- Size
- 11.5 cm, 9 g
- Nest box
- 25 mm hole, low down
When to expect coal tits in Portugal
The Coal Tit lives in Portugal all year round. Mild, wet winters that attract many wintering European songbirds.
Mediterranean with strong Atlantic influence, wetter in the north.
Nesting in Portugal
In Portugal the Coal Tit usually nests March–June. Nest site: low hole — often in a bank, stump or box. Clutches are 7–9 eggs, incubated for 14–16 days; chicks fledge after 16–19 days, and pairs raise 1–2 per year.
- Nest box: 25 mm hole, low down. Put boxes up by February and clean them out between September and January.
- Avoid cutting hedges during the nesting season (roughly March to August) — in the UK, disturbing an active nest is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
Native Portugal plants for coal tits
Of the native plants we track for Portugal, these 8 provide food the Coal Tit uses:
Haws feed thrushes all winter; spring blossom supports hundreds of insect species.
Late-winter berries when little else is left, plus dense nesting cover.
Late-summer berries taken by Blackcaps and thrushes.
Thorny cover that protects nests; early blossom for insects.
Berries and nest sites in its tangles; moths for insect-eaters.
Blackberries and impenetrable nesting cover.
Early-summer cherries for Blackbirds and Jays.
Windfalls sustain thrushes and Fieldfares into winter.
Feeding in the garden
Insects and conifer seed; caches food in winter.
- Best foods: Sunflower hearts, Peanut fragments.
- Feeders: Tube feeder.
- Coal Tits dash in, grab one seed and fly off to cache it — they are not greedy, just storing.
Frequently asked questions
Frequently asked
Are coal tits in Portugal all year?
Yes — the Coal Tit is resident in Portugal all year.
When do coal tits nest in Portugal?
Typically March–June. Clutches are 7–9 eggs, incubated for 14–16 days, with 1–2 per year.
Which native plants help coal tits in Portugal?
Hawthorn, Ivy, Elder, Blackthorn, Honeysuckle, Bramble, Wild cherry, Crab apple are native to Portugal and provide food or cover the Coal Tit uses.
What nest box does the Coal Tit use?
25 mm hole, low down.
Coal Tits in other countries
Other garden birds in Portugal
Sources
Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.