Spain · Resident all year

Woodpigeons in Spain

When the Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) is present in Spain, when it nests, and which native Spain plants supply the food it depends on.

Status in Spain
Resident all year
Nesting season
March–September
Size
41 cm, 480 g
Nest box
Does not use enclosed boxes

When to expect woodpigeons in Spain

The Woodpigeon lives in Spain all year round. Mild, wetter winters host many northern European migrants — Robins, Chiffchaffs and Blackcaps.

Mediterranean across most of the country, oceanic in the north (Galicia to the Basque Country) and semi-arid in the south-east.

Nesting in Spain

In Spain the Woodpigeon usually nests March–September. Nest site: flimsy twig platform. Clutches are 2 eggs, incubated for 17 days; chicks fledge after 33–34 days, and pairs raise 2–3 per year.

  • The Woodpigeon does not use enclosed nest boxes — dense native shrubs and climbers give it nest sites.
  • Avoid cutting hedges during the nesting season (roughly March to August) — in the UK, disturbing an active nest is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Native Spain plants for woodpigeons

Of the native plants we track for Spain, these 8 provide food the Woodpigeon uses:

Hawthorn
Crataegus monogyna · Shrub

Haws feed thrushes all winter; spring blossom supports hundreds of insect species.

Rowan
Sorbus aucuparia · Tree

Orange-red berries are a magnet for Blackbirds, thrushes and Waxwings from August.

Holly
Ilex aquifolium · Shrub

Evergreen roosting cover and winter berries on female plants.

Ivy
Hedera helix · Climber

Late-winter berries when little else is left, plus dense nesting cover.

Elder
Sambucus nigra · Shrub

Late-summer berries taken by Blackcaps and thrushes.

Blackthorn
Prunus spinosa · Shrub

Thorny cover that protects nests; early blossom for insects.

Dog rose
Rosa canina · Shrub

Hips persist into winter for thrushes and finches.

Guelder rose
Viburnum opulus · Shrub

Translucent red berries in autumn.

Feeding in the garden

Seeds, buds, berries and crops.

  • Best foods: Seed mix.
  • Feeders: Ground tray, Open table.
  • Guard ground trays with a cage if pigeons crowd smaller birds out.

Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked

Are woodpigeons in Spain all year?

Yes — the Woodpigeon is resident in Spain all year.

When do woodpigeons nest in Spain?

Typically March–September. Clutches are 2 eggs, incubated for 17 days, with 2–3 per year.

Which native plants help woodpigeons in Spain?

Hawthorn, Rowan, Holly, Ivy, Elder, Blackthorn, Dog rose, Guelder rose are native to Spain and provide food or cover the Woodpigeon uses.

Woodpigeons in other countries

Other garden birds in Spain

Sources

  1. Woodpigeon — RSPB bird guide
  2. Woodpigeon — BTO BirdFacts
  3. SEO/BirdLife — Atlas de las aves en época de reproducción

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.