Swallows (Hirundinidae)

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica. Flying insects caught low over fields and water.

Swallows (Hirundinidae)Barn SwallowHirundo rustica
Scientific name
Hirundo rustica
Length
5.9–7.5 in
Weight
0.6–0.7 oz
Nest
Mud cup on beams and ledges under shelter
Entrance hole
Does not use nest boxes
Clutch
3–7 eggs
Incubation
12–17 days
Broods
1–2 per season

Identification

  • Deeply forked tail with long streamers
  • Steel-blue back and cinnamon throat
  • Buff to rusty underparts

Voice

Twittering warble ending in a grating rattle.

Diet and feeding

Flying insects caught low over fields and water.

What do barn swallows eat?

Barn Swallows by state and province

RegionStatusNesting
AlabamaSummer breederApril–July
AlaskaSummer breederJune–July
AlbertaSummer breederJune–July
ArizonaSummer breederApril–July
ArkansasSummer breederMay–July
British ColumbiaSummer breederJune–July
CaliforniaSummer breederApril–July
ColoradoSummer breederMay–July
ConnecticutSummer breederMay–July
DelawareSummer breederMay–July
FloridaSummer breederApril–July
GeorgiaSummer breederApril–July
IdahoSummer breederMay–July
IllinoisSummer breederMay–July
IndianaSummer breederMay–July
IowaSummer breederMay–July
KansasSummer breederMay–July
KentuckySummer breederMay–July
LouisianaSummer breederApril–July
MaineSummer breederJune–July
ManitobaSummer breederJune–July
MarylandSummer breederMay–July
MassachusettsSummer breederMay–July
MichiganSummer breederMay–July
MinnesotaSummer breederJune–July
MississippiSummer breederApril–July
MissouriSummer breederMay–July
MontanaSummer breederJune–July
NebraskaSummer breederMay–July
NevadaSummer breederMay–July
New BrunswickSummer breederJune–July
New HampshireSummer breederJune–July
New JerseySummer breederMay–July
New MexicoSummer breederMay–July
New YorkSummer breederMay–July
Newfoundland and LabradorSummer breederJune–July
North CarolinaSummer breederMay–July
North DakotaSummer breederJune–July
Northwest TerritoriesSummer breederJune–July
Nova ScotiaSummer breederJune–July
OhioSummer breederMay–July
OklahomaSummer breederMay–July
OntarioSummer breederJune–July
OregonSummer breederMay–July
PennsylvaniaSummer breederMay–July
Prince Edward IslandSummer breederJune–July
QuebecSummer breederJune–July
Rhode IslandSummer breederMay–July
SaskatchewanSummer breederJune–July
South CarolinaSummer breederApril–July
South DakotaSummer breederMay–July
TennesseeSummer breederMay–July
TexasSummer breederApril–July
UtahSummer breederMay–July
VermontSummer breederJune–July
VirginiaSummer breederMay–July
WashingtonSummer breederMay–July
West VirginiaSummer breederMay–July
WisconsinSummer breederJune–July
WyomingSummer breederJune–July
YukonSummer breederJune–July

Frequently asked

What do barn swallows eat?

Flying insects caught low over fields and water. At feeders: .

How big is a Barn Swallow?

5.9–7.5 in long and 0.6–0.7 oz.

Do barn swallows use birdhouses?

No. Mud cup on beams and ledges under shelter.

Sources

  1. Barn Swallow — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Barn Swallow life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Barn Swallow — Audubon Guide to North American Birds

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.