Coal Tits in Wales
When the Coal Tit (Periparus ater) is present in Wales, when it nests, and which native Wales plants supply the food it depends on.
- Status in Wales
- Resident all year
- Nesting season
- April–June
- Size
- 11.5 cm, 9 g
- Nest box
- 25 mm hole, low down
- Delivery
- Perch Supply ships to the UK
When to expect coal tits in Wales
The Coal Tit lives in Wales all year round. Mild coastal winters; the uplands see snow and birds move down into valley gardens.
Mild, wet maritime climate with upland moorland and sheltered coastal valleys.
Nesting in Wales
In Wales the Coal Tit usually nests April–June. Nest site: low hole — often in a bank, stump or box. Clutches are 7–9 eggs, incubated for 14–16 days; chicks fledge after 16–19 days, and pairs raise 1–2 per year.
- Nest box: 25 mm hole, low down. Put boxes up by February and clean them out between September and January.
- Avoid cutting hedges during the nesting season (roughly March to August) — in the UK, disturbing an active nest is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
Native Wales plants for coal tits
Of the native plants we track for Wales, these 8 provide food the Coal Tit uses:
Haws feed thrushes all winter; spring blossom supports hundreds of insect species.
Late-winter berries when little else is left, plus dense nesting cover.
Late-summer berries taken by Blackcaps and thrushes.
Thorny cover that protects nests; early blossom for insects.
Berries and nest sites in its tangles; moths for insect-eaters.
Blackberries and impenetrable nesting cover.
Seed heads for Goldfinches and a nectar source for insects.
Early-summer cherries for Blackbirds and Jays.
Feeding in the garden
Insects and conifer seed; caches food in winter.
- Best foods: Sunflower hearts, Peanut fragments.
- Feeders: Tube feeder.
- Coal Tits dash in, grab one seed and fly off to cache it — they are not greedy, just storing.
Frequently asked questions
Frequently asked
Are coal tits in Wales all year?
Yes — the Coal Tit is resident in Wales all year.
When do coal tits nest in Wales?
Typically April–June. Clutches are 7–9 eggs, incubated for 14–16 days, with 1–2 per year.
Which native plants help coal tits in Wales?
Hawthorn, Ivy, Elder, Blackthorn, Honeysuckle, Bramble, Common knapweed, Wild cherry are native to Wales and provide food or cover the Coal Tit uses.
What nest box does the Coal Tit use?
25 mm hole, low down.
Coal Tits in other countries
Other garden birds in Wales
Sources
- Coal Tit — RSPB bird guide
- Coal Tit — BTO BirdFacts
- Bird Atlas 2007–11 — British Trust for Ornithology
Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.