Spain · Summer visitor

House Martins in Spain

When the House Martin (Delichon urbicum) is present in Spain, when it nests, and which native Spain plants supply the food it depends on.

Status in Spain
Summer visitor
Nesting season
April–August
Size
12.5 cm, 18 g
Nest box
Artificial house martin cup under eaves

When to expect house martins in Spain

The House Martin arrives in Spain in spring to breed and leaves again in autumn. Long, hot and dry; water is the single strongest garden attractant.

Mediterranean across most of the country, oceanic in the north (Galicia to the Basque Country) and semi-arid in the south-east.

Nesting in Spain

In Spain the House Martin usually nests April–August. Nest site: mud cup under eaves. Clutches are 4–5 eggs, incubated for 14–16 days; chicks fledge after 22–32 days, and pairs raise 2 per year.

  • Nest box: Artificial house martin cup under eaves. Put boxes up by February and clean them out between September and January.
  • Avoid cutting hedges during the nesting season (roughly March to August) — in the UK, disturbing an active nest is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Native Spain plants for house martins

Of the native plants we track for Spain, these 8 provide food the House Martin uses:

Hawthorn
Crataegus monogyna · Shrub

Haws feed thrushes all winter; spring blossom supports hundreds of insect species.

Ivy
Hedera helix · Climber

Late-winter berries when little else is left, plus dense nesting cover.

Elder
Sambucus nigra · Shrub

Late-summer berries taken by Blackcaps and thrushes.

Blackthorn
Prunus spinosa · Shrub

Thorny cover that protects nests; early blossom for insects.

Honeysuckle
Lonicera periclymenum · Climber

Berries and nest sites in its tangles; moths for insect-eaters.

Bramble
Rubus fruticosus agg. · Shrub

Blackberries and impenetrable nesting cover.

Common knapweed
Centaurea nigra · Perennial

Seed heads for Goldfinches and a nectar source for insects.

Wild cherry
Prunus avium · Tree

Early-summer cherries for Blackbirds and Jays.

Feeding in the garden

Flying insects.

  • Does not visit feeders — habitat and water are what bring it in.
  • Artificial cup nests under eaves attract new colonies.

Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked

Are house martins in Spain all year?

No. The House Martin is a summer visitor to Spain, arriving to breed and leaving in autumn.

When do house martins nest in Spain?

Typically April–August. Clutches are 4–5 eggs, incubated for 14–16 days, with 2 per year.

Which native plants help house martins in Spain?

Hawthorn, Ivy, Elder, Blackthorn, Honeysuckle, Bramble, Common knapweed, Wild cherry are native to Spain and provide food or cover the House Martin uses.

What nest box does the House Martin use?

Artificial house martin cup under eaves.

House Martins in other countries

Other garden birds in Spain

Sources

  1. House Martin — RSPB bird guide
  2. House Martin — BTO BirdFacts
  3. SEO/BirdLife — Atlas de las aves en época de reproducción

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.