England · Resident all year

Tree Sparrows in England

When the Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) is present in England, when it nests, and which native England plants supply the food it depends on.

Status in England
Resident all year
Nesting season
April–July
Size
14 cm, 24 g
Nest box
28 mm hole
Delivery
Perch Supply ships to the UK

When to expect tree sparrows in England

The Tree Sparrow lives in England all year round. Frosts are frequent but prolonged snow is rare in the south; garden feeders carry tits and finches through January and February, and Continental thrushes arrive in hard weather.

Temperate maritime: mild, damp and changeable, drier and sunnier in the south-east than the north-west.

Nesting in England

In England the Tree Sparrow usually nests April–July. Nest site: tree hole or box. Clutches are 5–6 eggs, incubated for 12–13 days; chicks fledge after 15–18 days, and pairs raise 2–3 per year.

  • Nest box: 28 mm hole. Put boxes up by February and clean them out between September and January.
  • Avoid cutting hedges during the nesting season (roughly March to August) — in the UK, disturbing an active nest is an offence under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Native England plants for tree sparrows

Of the native plants we track for England, these 4 provide food the Tree Sparrow uses:

Teasel
Dipsacus fullonum · Perennial

Goldfinches extract the seeds from standing heads in autumn and winter.

Common knapweed
Centaurea nigra · Perennial

Seed heads for Goldfinches and a nectar source for insects.

Silver birch
Betula pendula · Tree

Catkin seed for Siskins and Redpolls; many caterpillars for tit broods.

Alder
Alnus glutinosa · Tree

Cones hold seed that Siskins and Goldfinches feed on all winter.

Feeding in the garden

Seeds; insects for chicks.

  • Best foods: Seed mix, Millet.
  • Feeders: Seed feeder, Open table.
  • A farmland bird that responds well to boxes in loose colonies.

Frequently asked questions

Frequently asked

Are tree sparrows in England all year?

Yes — the Tree Sparrow is resident in England all year.

When do tree sparrows nest in England?

Typically April–July. Clutches are 5–6 eggs, incubated for 12–13 days, with 2–3 per year.

Which native plants help tree sparrows in England?

Teasel, Common knapweed, Silver birch, Alder are native to England and provide food or cover the Tree Sparrow uses.

What nest box does the Tree Sparrow use?

28 mm hole.

Tree Sparrows in other countries

Other garden birds in England

Sources

  1. Tree Sparrow — RSPB bird guide
  2. Tree Sparrow — BTO BirdFacts
  3. Bird Atlas 2007–11 — British Trust for Ornithology

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.