Nest box specification

Brown-headed Nuthatch house dimensions

The Brown-headed Nuthatch nests in excavated cavity in dead pine snags; nest boxes A box built to its measurements — and no bigger — is what makes it choose yours.

Nuthatches (Sittidae)Brown-headed NuthatchSitta pusilla

The specifications

Entrance hole
1 in
Floor (inside)
4 × 4 in
Mounting height
5–12 ft
Bird size
3.9–4.3 in, 0.3–0.4 oz
Clutch
3–7 eggs
Incubation
13–15 days
Time in nest
18–19 days
Broods
1 per season

Build and mounting checklist

  • Drill the entrance to exactly 1 in — oversized holes let in European Starlings and larger predators.
  • No outside perch: cavity nesters don't need one, and it helps House Sparrows and predators.
  • Unpainted interior, 3/4-inch untreated wood (cedar or pine) or poly-lumber for insulation.
  • Drainage holes in the floor corners and ventilation gaps under the roof.
  • A side or front panel that opens so you can monitor and clean the box.
  • Rough or grooved inner front wall so nestlings can climb out.
  • Pole mount with a stovepipe or cone baffle to stop snakes, raccoons and cats.

When to put up a Brown-headed Nuthatch box, by state

Boxes should be up and clean a month before local nesting starts. Dates shift with latitude:

PlaceUp byNestingClean out
AlabamaJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
FloridaJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
GeorgiaJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
LouisianaJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
MississippiJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
South CarolinaJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
TexasJanuaryFebruary–MayJune
ArkansasFebruaryMarch–MayJune
DelawareFebruaryMarch–MayJune
MarylandFebruaryMarch–MayJune
North CarolinaFebruaryMarch–MayJune
OklahomaFebruaryMarch–MayJune
TennesseeFebruaryMarch–MayJune
VirginiaFebruaryMarch–MayJune

Full Brown-headed Nuthatch species guide →

Frequently asked

What size hole does a Brown-headed Nuthatch need?

1 in. A hole cut to this size admits the Brown-headed Nuthatch (3.9–4.3 in) while keeping out larger competitors.

How big should a Brown-headed Nuthatch house be inside?

A floor of 4 × 4 in. The Brown-headed Nuthatch lays 3–7 eggs, so the floor has to hold the full clutch plus growing nestlings.

How high should I mount a Brown-headed Nuthatch box?

5–12 ft. Mount on a pole with a predator baffle where possible rather than a tree or fence.

How long does a Brown-headed Nuthatch use the box?

Incubation takes 13–15 days and the young stay in the nest 18–19 days. Broods per year: 1 per season.

Sources

  1. Brown-headed Nuthatch — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Brown-headed Nuthatch life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Brown-headed Nuthatch — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. NestWatch nest box plans and species requirements — Cornell Lab

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.