Nest box specification

Red-breasted Nuthatch house dimensions

The Red-breasted Nuthatch nests in excavated cavity in soft dead conifers or aspens; uses boxes A box built to its measurements — and no bigger — is what makes it choose yours.

Nuthatches (Sittidae)Red-breasted NuthatchSitta canadensis

The specifications

Entrance hole
1 1/4 in
Floor (inside)
4 × 4 in
Mounting height
5–15 ft
Bird size
4.3 in, 0.3–0.5 oz
Clutch
5–8 eggs
Incubation
12–13 days
Time in nest
18–21 days
Broods
1 per season

Build and mounting checklist

  • Drill the entrance to exactly 1 1/4 in — oversized holes let in European Starlings and larger predators.
  • No outside perch: cavity nesters don't need one, and it helps House Sparrows and predators.
  • Unpainted interior, 3/4-inch untreated wood (cedar or pine) or poly-lumber for insulation.
  • Drainage holes in the floor corners and ventilation gaps under the roof.
  • A side or front panel that opens so you can monitor and clean the box.
  • Rough or grooved inner front wall so nestlings can climb out.
  • Pole mount with a stovepipe or cone baffle to stop snakes, raccoons and cats.

When to put up a Red-breasted Nuthatch box, by state

Boxes should be up and clean a month before local nesting starts. Dates shift with latitude:

PlaceUp byNestingClean out
ArizonaMarchApril–JuneJuly
CaliforniaMarchApril–JuneJuly
ColoradoAprilMay–JuneJuly
ConnecticutAprilMay–JuneJuly
IdahoAprilMay–JuneJuly
MassachusettsAprilMay–JuneJuly
MichiganAprilMay–JuneJuly
NevadaAprilMay–JuneJuly
New JerseyAprilMay–JuneJuly
New MexicoAprilMay–JuneJuly
New YorkAprilMay–JuneJuly
OregonAprilMay–JuneJuly
PennsylvaniaAprilMay–JuneJuly
Rhode IslandAprilMay–JuneJuly
UtahAprilMay–JuneJuly
WashingtonAprilMay–JuneJuly
West VirginiaAprilMay–JuneJuly
AlaskaMayJune–JuneJuly
AlbertaMayJune–JuneJuly
British ColumbiaMayJune–JuneJuly
MaineMayJune–JuneJuly
ManitobaMayJune–JuneJuly
MinnesotaMayJune–JuneJuly
MontanaMayJune–JuneJuly
New BrunswickMayJune–JuneJuly
New HampshireMayJune–JuneJuly
Newfoundland and LabradorMayJune–JuneJuly
Northwest TerritoriesMayJune–JuneJuly
Nova ScotiaMayJune–JuneJuly
OntarioMayJune–JuneJuly
Prince Edward IslandMayJune–JuneJuly
QuebecMayJune–JuneJuly
SaskatchewanMayJune–JuneJuly
VermontMayJune–JuneJuly
WisconsinMayJune–JuneJuly
WyomingMayJune–JuneJuly
YukonMayJune–JuneJuly

Full Red-breasted Nuthatch species guide →

Frequently asked

What size hole does a Red-breasted Nuthatch need?

1 1/4 in. A hole cut to this size admits the Red-breasted Nuthatch (4.3 in) while keeping out larger competitors.

How big should a Red-breasted Nuthatch house be inside?

A floor of 4 × 4 in. The Red-breasted Nuthatch lays 5–8 eggs, so the floor has to hold the full clutch plus growing nestlings.

How high should I mount a Red-breasted Nuthatch box?

5–15 ft. Mount on a pole with a predator baffle where possible rather than a tree or fence.

How long does a Red-breasted Nuthatch use the box?

Incubation takes 12–13 days and the young stay in the nest 18–21 days. Broods per year: 1 per season.

Sources

  1. Red-breasted Nuthatch — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Red-breasted Nuthatch life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Red-breasted Nuthatch — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. NestWatch nest box plans and species requirements — Cornell Lab

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.