Washington · Shrub

Salal for birds in Washington

Dark berries and evergreen understory cover. Native to Washington, where it feeds or shelters 26 backyard bird species.

Scientific name: Gaultheria shallon
Native status: Native in Washington
Hardiness zones: USDA 4a–9a
What birds get from it: fruit and berries
Washington birds supported: 26
Nesting birds among them: 24

Growing conditions in Washington

Marine west-coast climate west of the Cascades, semi-arid shrub-steppe to the east.

Dry, sunny summers west of the Cascades; hot in the Columbia Basin.

Washington birds that use Salal

Mild, wet winters on the Puget Sound; cold winters in the east.

Nesting season it supports in Washington

Plants that feed adults and host caterpillars matter most while nestlings are in the nest. Local nesting windows for birds that use Salal:

House Finch — April–August
Purple Finch — May–July
American Robin — April–July
Northern Flicker — April–June
Pileated Woodpecker — April–June
Gray Catbird — May–July
Cedar Waxwing — June–August
Yellow-rumped Warbler — May–July
Eastern Kingbird — May–July
European Starling — April–June

Native plants to pair with Salal in Washington

Smooth sumac

Rhus glabra · Shrub

Red fruit heads hang on through winter.

Chokecherry

Prunus virginiana · Shrub

Dark summer fruit and heavy caterpillar load.

Red-osier dogwood

Cornus sericea · Shrub

White fruit and red winter stems; good thicket cover.

Highbush cranberry

Viburnum trilobum · Shrub

Red fruit persists until late winter when other food is gone.

Rocky Mountain juniper

Juniperus scopulorum · Tree

Berry-like cones feed bluebirds, solitaires and waxwings in winter.

Golden currant

Ribes aureum · Shrub

Early yellow flowers for hummingbirds, then summer fruit.

Frequently asked

Is Salal native to Washington?

Yes. Salal (Gaultheria shallon) is recorded as native in Washington. Washington spans USDA 4a–9a.

What birds does Salal attract in Washington?

In Washington, Salal supports 26 backyard birds, including House Finch, Purple Finch, American Robin, Northern Flicker, Pileated Woodpecker, Gray Catbird.

Does Salal help nesting birds in Washington?

24 of those birds nest in Washington: House Finch (April–August), Purple Finch (May–July), American Robin (April–July), Northern Flicker (April–June).

Which winter birds use Salal in Washington?

Winter visitors Pine Grosbeak, Bohemian Waxwing use it in Washington during the cold months.

Sources

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.