Baby northern rough-winged swallows: from egg to fledgling
A Northern Rough-winged Swallow lays 4–8 eggs. They hatch after 12–16 days, and the young leave the nest 19–21 days later — about 31–37 days from egg to fledgling.
- Eggs per clutch
- 4–8 eggs
- Incubation
- 12–16 days
- Time in the nest
- 19–21 days
- Egg to fledgling
- About 31–37 days
- Broods per year
- 1–2 per season
- Nest
- Grass nest in a burrow, pipe or crevice near water
- Uses nest boxes
- No
Stage by stage
- Eggs (12–16 days): 4–8 eggs per clutch. Most songbirds start incubating when the last or second-to-last egg is laid, so the young hatch close together; owls and hawks start with the first egg, so their chicks hatch days apart.
- Nestlings (19–21 days): the young hatch with little or no down and their eyes closed. They grow fast on a diet the parents bring in. In the breeding season northern rough-winged swallows mainly eat flies, midges, beetles and winged ants.
- Fledglings: after leaving the nest, young northern rough-winged swallows are fully feathered but short-tailed and clumsy. They spend days to weeks on low branches or the ground while the parents keep feeding them.
- More broods: 1–2 per season. Pairs often start a new nest soon after the first young become independent.
When northern rough-winged swallows nest, state by state
Nesting starts earliest in Alabama (Mar) and latest in Alberta (May). Months are estimates from regional breeding data shifted for latitude.
| State / province | Nesting season |
|---|---|
| Alabama | Mar–Jul |
| Alberta | May–Jul |
| Arizona | Mar–Jul |
| Arkansas | Apr–Jul |
| British Columbia | May–Jul |
| California | Mar–Jul |
| Colorado | Apr–Jul |
| Connecticut | Apr–Jul |
| Delaware | Apr–Jul |
| Florida | Mar–Jul |
| Georgia | Mar–Jul |
| Idaho | Apr–Jul |
| Illinois | Apr–Jul |
| Indiana | Apr–Jul |
| Iowa | Apr–Jul |
| Kansas | Apr–Jul |
| Kentucky | Apr–Jul |
| Louisiana | Mar–Jul |
| Maine | May–Jul |
| Manitoba | May–Jul |
| Maryland | Apr–Jul |
| Massachusetts | Apr–Jul |
| Michigan | Apr–Jul |
| Minnesota | May–Jul |
| Mississippi | Mar–Jul |
| Missouri | Apr–Jul |
| Montana | May–Jul |
| Nebraska | Apr–Jul |
| Nevada | Apr–Jul |
| New Brunswick | May–Jul |
| New Hampshire | May–Jul |
| New Jersey | Apr–Jul |
| New Mexico | Apr–Jul |
| New York | Apr–Jul |
| North Carolina | Apr–Jul |
| North Dakota | May–Jul |
| Ohio | Apr–Jul |
| Oklahoma | Apr–Jul |
| Ontario | May–Jul |
| Oregon | Apr–Jul |
| Pennsylvania | Apr–Jul |
| Quebec | May–Jul |
| Rhode Island | Apr–Jul |
| Saskatchewan | May–Jul |
| South Carolina | Mar–Jul |
| South Dakota | Apr–Jul |
| Tennessee | Apr–Jul |
| Texas | Mar–Jul |
| Utah | Apr–Jul |
| Vermont | May–Jul |
| Virginia | Apr–Jul |
| Washington | Apr–Jul |
| West Virginia | Apr–Jul |
| Wisconsin | May–Jul |
| Wyoming | May–Jul |
Found a baby Northern Rough-winged Swallow?
- Feathered, hopping, can grip your finger: a fledgling. This is a normal stage. Keep pets and children away and watch from a distance; the parents are usually close by.
- Bare skin or only pin feathers: a nestling that fell. If you can see the nest, put it back. Touching it won't make the parents abandon it — that is a myth.
- Injured, cold, covered in flies, or caught by a cat: contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator. In the US and Canada, ahnow.org finds the nearest one.
- Don't give water or food. Baby birds can choke, and the wrong food can kill them.
More about northern rough-winged swallows
Frequently asked
How long do baby northern rough-winged swallows stay in the nest?
About 19–21 days after hatching. Eggs take 12–16 days to hatch, so it is roughly 31–37 days from the last egg to the young leaving.
How many eggs does a Northern Rough-winged Swallow lay?
4–8 eggs per clutch, with 1–2 per season.
Where do northern rough-winged swallows nest?
Grass nest in a burrow, pipe or crevice near water.
What should I do if I find a baby Northern Rough-winged Swallow on the ground?
If it has feathers and hops, it is a fledgling and its parents are almost certainly nearby — leave it. If it is naked or has pin feathers, put it back in the nest if you can. Call a licensed wildlife rehabilitator if it is injured.