New World quail (Odontophoridae)

Northern Bobwhite

Colinus virginianus. Seeds, green leaves and insects, scratched up in coveys.

New World quail (Odontophoridae)Northern BobwhiteColinus virginianus
Scientific name
Colinus virginianus
Length
9.4–11 in
Weight
4.6–6.2 oz
Nest
Grass-lined ground scrape at the base of cover
Entrance hole
Does not use nest boxes
Clutch
7–28 eggs
Incubation
22–24 days
Broods
1–2 per season

Identification

  • Small, round, rufous-brown quail
  • Male has a bold white throat and eyebrow
  • Female buffy where the male is white

Voice

The clear whistled 'bob-bob-WHITE' that names it.

Diet and feeding

Seeds, green leaves and insects, scratched up in coveys.

What do bobwhites eat? · Best feeder for bobwhites

Northern Bobwhites by state and province

RegionStatusNesting
AlabamaYear-round residentMarch–August
ArkansasYear-round residentApril–August
DelawareYear-round residentApril–August
FloridaYear-round residentMarch–August
GeorgiaYear-round residentMarch–August
IllinoisYear-round residentApril–August
IndianaYear-round residentApril–August
IowaYear-round residentApril–August
KansasYear-round residentApril–August
KentuckyYear-round residentApril–August
LouisianaYear-round residentMarch–August
MarylandYear-round residentApril–August
MichiganYear-round residentApril–August
MinnesotaYear-round residentMay–August
MississippiYear-round residentMarch–August
MissouriYear-round residentApril–August
NebraskaYear-round residentApril–August
New JerseyYear-round residentApril–August
North CarolinaYear-round residentApril–August
OhioYear-round residentApril–August
OklahomaYear-round residentApril–August
PennsylvaniaYear-round residentApril–August
South CarolinaYear-round residentMarch–August
South DakotaYear-round residentApril–August
TennesseeYear-round residentApril–August
TexasYear-round residentMarch–August
VirginiaYear-round residentApril–August
West VirginiaYear-round residentApril–August
WisconsinYear-round residentMay–August

Frequently asked

What do bobwhites eat?

Seeds, green leaves and insects, scratched up in coveys. At feeders: millet, cracked corn.

How big is a Northern Bobwhite?

9.4–11 in long and 4.6–6.2 oz.

Do bobwhites use birdhouses?

No. Grass-lined ground scrape at the base of cover.

Sources

  1. Northern Bobwhite — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Northern Bobwhite life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Northern Bobwhite — Audubon Guide to North American Birds

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.