North Dakota · Summer breeder

Say's Phoebes in North Dakota

When Say's phoebes are present in North Dakota, when they nest, which native North Dakota plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 3a–4b yard.

Tyrant flycatchers (Tyrannidae)Say's PhoebeSayornis saya
Status in North Dakota
Summer breeder
Nesting window
May–June
Broods
1–3 per season
Hardiness zones
USDA 3a–4b

When to expect Say's phoebes in North Dakota

Say's Phoebes are summer residents in North Dakota, arriving shortly before nesting begins in May and leaving after the young are independent. Through the season they feed on bees, wasps and beetles.

Continental northern prairie with prairie-pothole wetlands and the Missouri River breaks.

Nesting in North Dakota

Across North Dakota, Say's phoebes typically nest from May–June. Nest site: cup on a sheltered ledge. Females lay 3–7 eggs, incubate for 12–14 days, and young leave the nest after 14–16 days.

Short, warm summers with a peak nesting season in June.

  • Say's Phoebes don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as bur oak, black cherry, american elderberry for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after June.

Native North Dakota plants that attract Say's phoebes

Of the regional native plants we track for North Dakota, these 8 provide food or cover Say's phoebes use:

Bur oak
Quercus macrocarpa · Tree

Drought-hardy prairie oak with large acorns and a heavy insect load.

Black cherry
Prunus serotina · Tree

Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees.

American elderberry
Sambucus canadensis · Shrub

Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species.

New England aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae · Perennial

Late nectar for insects and fall seed for sparrows.

Tall goldenrod
Solidago altissima · Perennial

Insect-rich in fall and seed in winter.

Paper birch
Betula papyrifera · Tree

Catkin seed feeds redpolls and siskins all winter.

Sugar maple
Acer saccharum · Tree

Hosts hundreds of caterpillar species; spring flowers draw early insects.

Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana · Shrub

Dark summer fruit and heavy caterpillar load.

Feeding Say's phoebes through the North Dakota year

Nests on ledges under eaves in dry open country; an early spring arrival.

  • Best foods: .
  • In North Dakota's summer: offer water and insect foods; natural food is abundant.

Full diet breakdown for Say's phoebes

Frequently asked

Are Say's phoebes in North Dakota year-round?

No. Say's Phoebes are summer breeders in North Dakota and leave for the winter.

When do Say's phoebes nest in North Dakota?

Nesting in North Dakota typically runs May–June, with 1–3 per season. Clutches are 3–7 eggs, incubated for 12–14 days.

What native plants attract Say's phoebes in North Dakota?

Bur oak, Black cherry, American elderberry, New England aster, Tall goldenrod, Paper birch, Sugar maple, Chokecherry are native plants in North Dakota that provide food or cover for Say's phoebes.

Say's Phoebes in other regions

Other backyard birds in North Dakota

Sources

  1. Say's Phoebe — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Say's Phoebe life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Say's Phoebe — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — North Dakota
  5. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.