Oregon · Year-round resident

Spotted Towhees in Oregon

When spotted towhees are present in Oregon, when they nest, which native Oregon plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 4b–9b yard.

New World sparrows (Passerellidae)Spotted TowheePipilo maculatus
Status in Oregon
Year-round resident
Nesting window
April–July
Broods
1–2 per season
Hardiness zones
USDA 4b–9b

When to expect spotted towhees in Oregon

Spotted Towhees live in Oregon all year. Mild, rainy winters in the Willamette Valley; cold, snowy winters east of the Cascades. That makes the cold months the time your yard matters most to them: their winter diet shifts toward seeds and acorns.

Marine west-coast climate west of the Cascades; high desert to the east.

Nesting in Oregon

Across Oregon, spotted towhees typically nest from April–July. Nest site: cup on or near the ground. Females lay 3–5 eggs, incubate for 12–14 days, and young leave the nest after 10–12 days.

Dry summers west of the Cascades; hot days in the high desert.

  • Spotted Towhees don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as smooth sumac, paper birch, chokecherry for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after July.

Native Oregon plants that attract spotted towhees

Of the regional native plants we track for Oregon, these 8 provide food or cover spotted towhees use:

Smooth sumac
Rhus glabra · Shrub

Red fruit heads hang on through winter.

Wild bergamot
Monarda fistulosa · Perennial

Tubular flowers for hummingbirds and seed heads for finches.

Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta · Perennial

Prolific seed heads for finches and sparrows.

Common sunflower
Helianthus annuus · Perennial

Annual native sunflower — the original feeder seed.

Little bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium · Perennial

Native bunchgrass; winter seed and ground cover for sparrows and juncos.

Tall goldenrod
Solidago altissima · Perennial

Insect-rich in fall and seed in winter.

Paper birch
Betula papyrifera · Tree

Catkin seed feeds redpolls and siskins all winter.

Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana · Shrub

Dark summer fruit and heavy caterpillar load.

Feeding spotted towhees through the Oregon year

Scratches noisily under shrubs — leaf litter is prime habitat.

  • Best foods: Millet, Sunflower chips.
  • In Oregon's winter: Mild, rainy winters in the Willamette Valley; cold, snowy winters east of the Cascades.

Full diet breakdown for spotted towhees · Best feeder for spotted towhees

Frequently asked

Are spotted towhees in Oregon year-round?

Yes. Spotted Towhees are year-round residents in Oregon.

When do spotted towhees nest in Oregon?

Nesting in Oregon typically runs April–July, with 1–2 per season. Clutches are 3–5 eggs, incubated for 12–14 days.

What native plants attract spotted towhees in Oregon?

Smooth sumac, Wild bergamot, Black-eyed Susan, Common sunflower, Little bluestem, Tall goldenrod, Paper birch, Chokecherry are native plants in Oregon that provide food or cover for spotted towhees.

Spotted Towhees in other regions

Other backyard birds in Oregon

Sources

  1. Spotted Towhee — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Spotted Towhee life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Spotted Towhee — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — Oregon
  5. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.