Alberta · Summer breeder

Spotted Towhees in Alberta

When spotted towhees are present in Alberta, when they nest, which native Alberta plants feed them, and how to host them in a Canada 2a–4b yard.

New World sparrows (Passerellidae)Spotted TowheePipilo maculatus
Status in Alberta
Summer breeder
Nesting window
May–July
Broods
1–2 per season
Hardiness zones
Canada 2a–4b

When to expect spotted towhees in Alberta

Spotted Towhees are summer residents in Alberta, arriving shortly before nesting begins in May and leaving after the young are independent. Through the season they feed on beetles and caterpillars.

Continental — prairie in the southeast, aspen parkland in the center, boreal forest in the north and the Rockies in the west.

Nesting in Alberta

Across Alberta, spotted towhees typically nest from May–July. Nest site: cup on or near the ground. Females lay 3–5 eggs, incubate for 12–14 days, and young leave the nest after 10–12 days.

Warm, sunny summers with long days.

  • Spotted Towhees don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as smooth sumac, paper birch, pin cherry for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after July.

Native Alberta plants that attract spotted towhees

Of the regional native plants we track for Alberta, these 8 provide food or cover spotted towhees use:

Smooth sumac
Rhus glabra · Shrub

Red fruit heads hang on through winter.

Wild bergamot
Monarda fistulosa · Perennial

Tubular flowers for hummingbirds and seed heads for finches.

Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta · Perennial

Prolific seed heads for finches and sparrows.

Common sunflower
Helianthus annuus · Perennial

Annual native sunflower — the original feeder seed.

Little bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium · Perennial

Native bunchgrass; winter seed and ground cover for sparrows and juncos.

Paper birch
Betula papyrifera · Tree

Catkin seed feeds redpolls and siskins all winter.

Pin cherry
Prunus pensylvanica · Tree

Fast-growing northern cherry with midsummer fruit.

Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana · Shrub

Dark summer fruit and heavy caterpillar load.

Feeding spotted towhees through the Alberta year

Scratches noisily under shrubs — leaf litter is prime habitat.

  • Best foods: Millet, Sunflower chips.
  • In Alberta's summer: offer water and insect foods; natural food is abundant.

Full diet breakdown for spotted towhees · Best feeder for spotted towhees

Frequently asked

Are spotted towhees in Alberta year-round?

No. Spotted Towhees are summer breeders in Alberta and leave for the winter.

When do spotted towhees nest in Alberta?

Nesting in Alberta typically runs May–July, with 1–2 per season. Clutches are 3–5 eggs, incubated for 12–14 days.

What native plants attract spotted towhees in Alberta?

Smooth sumac, Wild bergamot, Black-eyed Susan, Common sunflower, Little bluestem, Paper birch, Pin cherry, Chokecherry are native plants in Alberta that provide food or cover for spotted towhees.

Spotted Towhees in other regions

Other backyard birds in Alberta

Sources

  1. Spotted Towhee — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Spotted Towhee life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Spotted Towhee — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — Alberta
  5. Plant Hardiness Zones of Canada — Natural Resources Canada
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.