Finches (Fringillidae)
Baby white-winged crossbills: from egg to fledgling
A White-winged Crossbill lays 2–5 eggs. They hatch after 12–14 days, and the young leave the nest 16–22 days later — about 28–36 days from egg to fledgling.
- Eggs per clutch
- 2–5 eggs
- Incubation
- 12–14 days
- Time in the nest
- 16–22 days
- Egg to fledgling
- About 28–36 days
- Broods per year
- 1–2 per season
- Nest
- Cup on a spruce branch; can nest mid-winter
- Uses nest boxes
- No
Stage by stage
- Eggs (12–14 days): 2–5 eggs per clutch. Most songbirds start incubating when the last or second-to-last egg is laid, so the young hatch close together; owls and hawks start with the first egg, so their chicks hatch days apart.
- Nestlings (16–22 days): the young hatch with little or no down and their eyes closed. They grow fast on a diet the parents bring in. In the breeding season white-winged crossbills mainly eat spruce, larch and hemlock seeds.
- Fledglings: after leaving the nest, young white-winged crossbills are fully feathered but short-tailed and clumsy. They spend days to weeks on low branches or the ground while the parents keep feeding them.
- More broods: 1–2 per season. Pairs often start a new nest soon after the first young become independent.
When white-winged crossbills nest, state by state
Nesting starts earliest in Connecticut (Jan) and latest in Alaska (Feb). Months are estimates from regional breeding data shifted for latitude.
| State / province | Nesting season |
|---|---|
| Alaska | Feb–Dec |
| Alberta | Feb–Dec |
| British Columbia | Feb–Dec |
| Connecticut | Jan–Dec |
| Maine | Feb–Dec |
| Manitoba | Feb–Dec |
| Massachusetts | Jan–Dec |
| Michigan | Jan–Dec |
| Minnesota | Feb–Dec |
| New Brunswick | Feb–Dec |
| New Hampshire | Feb–Dec |
| New Jersey | Jan–Dec |
| New York | Jan–Dec |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | Feb–Dec |
| Northwest Territories | Feb–Dec |
| Nova Scotia | Feb–Dec |
| Nunavut | Feb–Dec |
| Ontario | Feb–Dec |
| Pennsylvania | Jan–Dec |
| Prince Edward Island | Feb–Dec |
| Quebec | Feb–Dec |
| Rhode Island | Jan–Dec |
| Saskatchewan | Feb–Dec |
| Vermont | Feb–Dec |
| Wisconsin | Feb–Dec |
| Yukon | Feb–Dec |
Found a baby White-winged Crossbill?
- Feathered, hopping, can grip your finger: a fledgling. This is a normal stage. Keep pets and children away and watch from a distance; the parents are usually close by.
- Bare skin or only pin feathers: a nestling that fell. If you can see the nest, put it back. Touching it won't make the parents abandon it — that is a myth.
- Injured, cold, covered in flies, or caught by a cat: contact a licensed wildlife rehabilitator. In the US and Canada, ahnow.org finds the nearest one.
- Don't give water or food. Baby birds can choke, and the wrong food can kill them.
More about white-winged crossbills
Frequently asked
How long do baby white-winged crossbills stay in the nest?
About 16–22 days after hatching. Eggs take 12–14 days to hatch, so it is roughly 28–36 days from the last egg to the young leaving.
How many eggs does a White-winged Crossbill lay?
2–5 eggs per clutch, with 1–2 per season.
Where do white-winged crossbills nest?
Cup on a spruce branch; can nest mid-winter.
What should I do if I find a baby White-winged Crossbill on the ground?
If it has feathers and hops, it is a fledgling and its parents are almost certainly nearby — leave it. If it is naked or has pin feathers, put it back in the nest if you can. Call a licensed wildlife rehabilitator if it is injured.