Finches (Fringillidae)

White-winged Crossbill

Loxia leucoptera. Spruce and tamarack seeds pried from cones.

Finches (Fringillidae)White-winged CrossbillLoxia leucoptera
Scientific name
Loxia leucoptera
Length
5.9–6.7 in
Weight
0.8–0.9 oz
Nest
Cup on a spruce branch; can nest mid-winter
Entrance hole
Does not use nest boxes
Clutch
2–5 eggs
Incubation
12–14 days
Broods
1–2 per season

Identification

  • Crossed bill with two bold white wing bars
  • Male pinkish-red, female olive-yellow
  • Black wings and tail

Voice

Rapid, dry 'chif-chif' flight calls and a loud warbling song.

Diet and feeding

White-winged Crossbills by state and province

RegionStatusNesting
AlabamaWinter visitor—
AlaskaYear-round residentFebruary–December
AlbertaYear-round residentFebruary–December
ArkansasWinter visitor—
British ColumbiaYear-round residentFebruary–December
ColoradoWinter visitor—
ConnecticutYear-round residentJanuary–December
DelawareWinter visitor—
FloridaWinter visitor—
GeorgiaWinter visitor—
IdahoWinter visitor—
IllinoisWinter visitor—
IndianaWinter visitor—
IowaWinter visitor—
KentuckyWinter visitor—
LouisianaWinter visitor—
MaineYear-round residentFebruary–December
ManitobaYear-round residentFebruary–December
MarylandWinter visitor—
MassachusettsYear-round residentJanuary–December
MichiganYear-round residentJanuary–December
MinnesotaYear-round residentFebruary–December
MississippiWinter visitor—
MissouriWinter visitor—
MontanaWinter visitor—
NebraskaWinter visitor—
NevadaWinter visitor—
New BrunswickYear-round residentFebruary–December
New HampshireYear-round residentFebruary–December
New JerseyYear-round residentJanuary–December
New YorkYear-round residentJanuary–December
Newfoundland and LabradorYear-round residentFebruary–December
North CarolinaWinter visitor—
North DakotaWinter visitor—
Northwest TerritoriesYear-round residentFebruary–December
Nova ScotiaYear-round residentFebruary–December
NunavutYear-round residentFebruary–December
OhioWinter visitor—
OklahomaWinter visitor—
OntarioYear-round residentFebruary–December
PennsylvaniaYear-round residentJanuary–December
Prince Edward IslandYear-round residentFebruary–December
QuebecYear-round residentFebruary–December
Rhode IslandYear-round residentJanuary–December
SaskatchewanYear-round residentFebruary–December
South CarolinaWinter visitor—
South DakotaWinter visitor—
TennesseeWinter visitor—
UtahWinter visitor—
VermontYear-round residentFebruary–December
VirginiaWinter visitor—
West VirginiaWinter visitor—
WisconsinYear-round residentFebruary–December
WyomingWinter visitor—
YukonYear-round residentFebruary–December

Frequently asked

What do white-winged crossbills eat?

Spruce and tamarack seeds pried from cones. At feeders: hulled sunflower, black-oil sunflower.

How big is a White-winged Crossbill?

5.9–6.7 in long and 0.8–0.9 oz.

Do white-winged crossbills use birdhouses?

No. Cup on a spruce branch; can nest mid-winter.

Sources

  1. White-winged Crossbill — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. White-winged Crossbill life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. White-winged Crossbill — Audubon Guide to North American Birds

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.