Ontario · Year-round resident

Red-bellied Woodpeckers in Ontario

When red-bellied woodpeckers are present in Ontario, when they nest, which native Ontario plants feed them, and how to host them in a Canadian zones 0a–7a yard.

Woodpeckers (Picidae)Red-bellied WoodpeckerMelanerpes carolinus
Status in Ontario
Year-round resident
Nesting window
May–July
Broods
1–3 per season
Hardiness zones
Canadian zones 0a–7a (southern Ontario roughly equivalent to USDA 4–6)
Nest box
2 1/2 in hole, 6 × 6 in floor, 12–20 ft

When to expect red-bellied woodpeckers in Ontario

Red-bellied Woodpeckers live in Ontario all year. Cold, snowy winters; feeder flocks are dominated by chickadees, nuthatches, woodpeckers and finches. That makes the cold months the time your yard matters most to them: their winter diet shifts toward acorns, pecans, pine seeds and fruit.

Humid continental in the south, boreal and subarctic in the north; most backyard birding happens in the southern Great Lakes lowlands.

Nesting in Ontario

Across Ontario, red-bellied woodpeckers typically nest from May–July. Nest site: excavated cavity in dead trees; occasionally large nest boxes. Females lay 4–5 eggs, incubate for 12 days, and young leave the nest after 22–27 days.

Short, warm summers; Point Pelee and Long Point are continent-famous migration sites.

  • Have boxes cleaned and mounted before April — red-bellied woodpeckers begin prospecting ahead of egg-laying.
  • Use a 2 1/2 in entrance on a 6 × 6 in floor, mounted 12–20 ft.
  • Fit a pole baffle or hole guard; ventilation gaps and drainage holes are essential.
  • Clean out old nests after each brood and again after July.

Native Ontario plants that attract red-bellied woodpeckers

Of the regional native plants we track for Ontario, these 8 provide food or cover red-bellied woodpeckers use:

Sugar maple
Acer saccharum · Tree

Insects, seeds and cavities.

Flowering dogwood
Cornus florida · Tree

Fat-rich red fall fruit taken by thrushes, bluebirds and woodpeckers.

Serviceberry
Amelanchier arborea · Tree

Early-summer berries arrive exactly when nestlings are being fed.

White oak
Quercus alba · Tree

Acorns plus hundreds of caterpillar species for nestling food.

Bur oak
Quercus macrocarpa · Tree

Drought-hardy prairie oak with large acorns and a heavy insect load.

Black cherry
Prunus serotina · Tree

Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees.

American elderberry
Sambucus canadensis · Shrub

Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species.

Arrowwood viburnum
Viburnum dentatum · Shrub

Blue-black fall fruit and dense nesting cover.

Feeding red-bellied woodpeckers through the Ontario year

A bold feeder visitor that also takes nectar and oranges. Cache-stores nuts in bark crevices.

  • Best foods: Suet, Peanuts, Black-oil sunflower.
  • In Ontario's winter: Cold, snowy winters; feeder flocks are dominated by chickadees, nuthatches, woodpeckers and finches.

Full diet breakdown for red-bellied woodpeckers · Best feeder for red-bellied woodpeckers

Frequently asked

Are red-bellied woodpeckers in Ontario year-round?

Yes. Red-bellied Woodpeckers are year-round residents in Ontario.

When do red-bellied woodpeckers nest in Ontario?

Nesting in Ontario typically runs May–July, with 1–3 per season. Clutches are 4–5 eggs, incubated for 12 days.

What native plants attract red-bellied woodpeckers in Ontario?

Sugar maple, Flowering dogwood, Serviceberry, White oak, Bur oak, Black cherry, American elderberry, Arrowwood viburnum are native plants in Ontario that provide food or cover for red-bellied woodpeckers.

What size birdhouse hole do red-bellied woodpeckers need?

2 1/2 in, with a floor of 6 × 6 in mounted 12–20 ft.

Red-bellied Woodpeckers in other regions

Other backyard birds in Ontario

Sources

  1. Red-bellied Woodpecker — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Red-bellied Woodpecker life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Red-bellied Woodpecker — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. NestWatch nest box plans and species requirements — Cornell Lab
  5. eBird region overview and bar charts — Ontario
  6. Plant Hardiness Zones of Canada — Natural Resources Canada
  7. Audubon Native Plants Database
  8. Ontario Breeding Bird Atlas — Birds Canada

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.