Florida · Summer breeder

Barn Swallows in Florida

When barn swallows are present in Florida, when they nest, which native Florida plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 8a–11b yard.

Swallows (Hirundinidae)Barn SwallowHirundo rustica
Status in Florida
Summer breeder
Nesting window
April–July
Broods
1–2 per season
Hardiness zones
USDA 8a–11b

When to expect barn swallows in Florida

Barn Swallows are summer residents in Florida, arriving shortly before nesting begins in April and leaving after the young are independent. Through the season they feed on flies, beetles and moths.

Humid subtropical in the north to tropical in the Keys; a wet summer and a dry winter season.

Nesting in Florida

Across Florida, barn swallows typically nest from April–July. Nest site: mud cup on beams and ledges under shelter. Females lay 3–7 eggs, incubate for 12–17 days, and young leave the nest after 15–27 days.

Heat, humidity and summer storms: boxes need drainage holes, ventilation and shade, and nectar spoils fast.

  • Barn Swallows don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as southern live oak, flowering dogwood, serviceberry for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after July.

Native Florida plants that attract barn swallows

Of the regional native plants we track for Florida, these 8 provide food or cover barn swallows use:

Southern live oak
Quercus virginiana · Tree

Acorns and insect-rich bark.

Flowering dogwood
Cornus florida · Tree

Fat-rich red fall fruit taken by thrushes, bluebirds and woodpeckers.

Serviceberry
Amelanchier arborea · Tree

Early-summer berries arrive exactly when nestlings are being fed.

White oak
Quercus alba · Tree

Acorns plus hundreds of caterpillar species for nestling food.

Black cherry
Prunus serotina · Tree

Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees.

American elderberry
Sambucus canadensis · Shrub

Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species.

Arrowwood viburnum
Viburnum dentatum · Shrub

Blue-black fall fruit and dense nesting cover.

Spicebush
Lindera benzoin · Shrub

Lipid-rich red fruit fuels fall migrants.

Feeding barn swallows through the Florida year

Barn swallows nest on ledges under eaves and in barns; an open-front ledge shelf gives them a site.

  • Best foods: .
  • In Florida's summer: offer water and insect foods; natural food is abundant.

Full diet breakdown for barn swallows

Frequently asked

Are barn swallows in Florida year-round?

No. Barn Swallows are summer breeders in Florida and leave for the winter.

When do barn swallows nest in Florida?

Nesting in Florida typically runs April–July, with 1–2 per season. Clutches are 3–7 eggs, incubated for 12–17 days.

What native plants attract barn swallows in Florida?

Southern live oak, Flowering dogwood, Serviceberry, White oak, Black cherry, American elderberry, Arrowwood viburnum, Spicebush are native plants in Florida that provide food or cover for barn swallows.

Barn Swallows in other regions

Other backyard birds in Florida

Sources

  1. Barn Swallow — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Barn Swallow life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Barn Swallow — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — Florida
  5. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.