British Columbia · Summer breeder

Merlins in British Columbia

When merlins are present in British Columbia, when they nest, which native British Columbia plants feed them, and how to host them in a Canada 1a–9a yard.

Falcons (Falconidae)MerlinFalco columbarius
Status in British Columbia
Summer breeder
Nesting window
June–July
Broods
1 per season
Hardiness zones
Canada 1a–9a

When to expect merlins in British Columbia

Merlins are summer residents in British Columbia, arriving shortly before nesting begins in June and leaving after the young are independent.

Temperate rainforest on the coast, dry interior valleys and mountains, and boreal forest in the northeast.

Nesting in British Columbia

Across British Columbia, merlins typically nest from June–July. Plan around that window: May for setup, July for clean-out.

Dry, warm coastal summers; hot in the Okanagan.

  • Merlins don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as paper birch, chokecherry, ponderosa pine for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after July.

Native British Columbia plants that attract merlins

Of the regional native plants we track for British Columbia, these 8 provide food or cover merlins use:

Paper birch
Betula papyrifera · Tree

Catkin seed feeds redpolls and siskins all winter.

Chokecherry
Prunus virginiana · Shrub

Dark summer fruit and heavy caterpillar load.

Ponderosa pine
Pinus ponderosa · Tree

Seeds and bark insects; pygmy nuthatch and woodpecker habitat.

Rabbitbrush
Ericameria nauseosa · Shrub

Late-season bloom supports insects; seed for sparrows.

Oregon white oak
Quercus garryana · Tree

Acorns and a rich insect community in the Pacific Northwest.

Douglas fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii · Tree

Seed for crossbills, siskins and chickadees.

White spruce
Picea glauca · Tree

Cone crops drive winter irruptions of finches and crossbills.

Tamarack
Larix laricina · Tree

Deciduous conifer with small cones for siskins and redpolls.

Feeding merlins through the British Columbia year

  • Top foods: None — it hunts the birds your feeders attract.
  • In British Columbia's summer: offer water and insect foods; natural food is abundant.

Full diet breakdown for merlins · Best feeder for merlins

Frequently asked

Are merlins in British Columbia year-round?

No. Merlins are summer breeders in British Columbia and leave for the winter.

When do merlins nest in British Columbia?

Nesting in British Columbia typically runs June–July, with 1 per season. Clutches are 2–7 eggs, incubated for 28–32 days.

What native plants attract merlins in British Columbia?

Paper birch, Chokecherry, Ponderosa pine, Rabbitbrush, Oregon white oak, Douglas fir, White spruce, Tamarack are native plants in British Columbia that provide food or cover for merlins.

Merlins in other regions

Other backyard birds in British Columbia

Black-capped ChickadeeDowny WoodpeckerHairy WoodpeckerAmerican GoldfinchWhite-breasted NuthatchHouse WrenHouse FinchPurple FinchMourning DoveAmerican RobinDark-eyed JuncoWhite-throated SparrowSong SparrowChipping SparrowNorthern FlickerPileated WoodpeckerYellow-bellied SapsuckerRed-breasted NuthatchBrown CreeperRed-winged BlackbirdRose-breasted GrosbeakEvening GrosbeakPine SiskinCommon RedpollGray CatbirdCedar WaxwingTree SwallowBarn SwallowYellow-rumped WarblerEastern KingbirdAmerican Tree SparrowHouse SparrowEuropean StarlingSteller's JayBlack-billed MagpieCanada JayMountain ChickadeeChestnut-backed ChickadeeBushtitPygmy NuthatchAnna's HummingbirdBlack-chinned HummingbirdRufous HummingbirdCassin's FinchSpotted TowheeCalifornia QuailWestern BluebirdMountain BluebirdSay's PhoebeBewick's WrenWhite-crowned SparrowGolden-crowned SparrowFox SparrowVaried ThrushViolet-green SwallowBlack-headed GrosbeakLazuli BuntingBullock's OrioleEurasian Collared-DoveAmerican CrowCommon RavenCooper's HawkSharp-shinned HawkRed-tailed HawkBarred OwlGreat Horned OwlAmerican KestrelWood DuckMallardGreat Blue HeronBelted KingfisherBrown-headed CowbirdRuby-crowned KingletGolden-crowned KingletHermit ThrushWinter WrenPine GrosbeakRed CrossbillGray CatbirdWestern TanagerLark SparrowClark's NutcrackerWestern Screech-OwlHooded MerganserYellow WarblerCommon YellowthroatAmerican RedstartBlack-and-white WarblerOvenbirdYellow-breasted ChatOrange-crowned WarblerPalm WarblerRed-eyed VireoWarbling VireoLeast FlycatcherWestern KingbirdCliff SwallowNorthern Rough-winged SwallowBank SwallowCommon NighthawkCanada GooseAmerican CootKilldeerSpotted SandpiperTurkey VultureOspreyBald EaglePeregrine FalconNorthern Saw-whet OwlBarn OwlLewis's WoodpeckerBlack-backed WoodpeckerAmerican Three-toed WoodpeckerWhite-headed WoodpeckerSavannah SparrowSwamp SparrowVesper SparrowHorned LarkCommon RedpollHoary RedpollWhite-winged CrossbillGray-crowned Rosy-FinchBohemian WaxwingBobolinkYellow-headed BlackbirdBrewer's BlackbirdRusty BlackbirdRock Pigeon

Sources

  1. Merlin — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Merlin life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Merlin — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — British Columbia
  5. Plant Hardiness Zones of Canada — Natural Resources Canada
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.