Virginia · Year-round resident

Hairy Woodpeckers in Virginia

When hairy woodpeckers are present in Virginia, when they nest, which native Virginia plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 5b–8a yard.

Woodpeckers (Picidae)Hairy WoodpeckerDryobates villosus
Status in Virginia
Year-round resident
Nesting window
April–June
Broods
1 per season
Hardiness zones
USDA 5b–8a
Nest box
1 1/2 in round hole, 6 × 6 in floor, 8–20 ft, box packed with wood shavings

When to expect hairy woodpeckers in Virginia

Hairy Woodpeckers live in Virginia all year. Moderate winters with periodic snow; purple finches and occasional northern finches visit feeders. That makes the cold months the time your yard matters most to them: their winter diet shifts toward bark beetles and larvae; suet and peanuts at feeders.

Humid subtropical in the east, cooler and snowier in the Blue Ridge and Allegheny highlands.

Nesting in Virginia

Across Virginia, hairy woodpeckers typically nest from April–June. Nest site: excavates in dead or living trees with heart rot. Females lay 3–6 eggs, incubate for 11–15 days, and young leave the nest after 28–30 days.

Warm, humid summers; House Wrens and hummingbirds breed statewide.

  • Have boxes cleaned and mounted before March — hairy woodpeckers begin prospecting ahead of egg-laying.
  • Use a 1 1/2 in round entrance on a 6 × 6 in floor, mounted 8–20 ft, box packed with wood shavings.
  • Fit a pole baffle or hole guard; ventilation gaps and drainage holes are essential.
  • Clean out old nests after each brood and again after June.

Native Virginia plants that attract hairy woodpeckers

Of the regional native plants we track for Virginia, these 8 provide food or cover hairy woodpeckers use:

Flowering dogwood
Cornus florida · Tree

Fall fruit.

Spicebush
Lindera benzoin · Shrub

High-fat red berries and caterpillar host.

Oaks
Quercus spp. · Tree

Acorns and insects.

Serviceberry
Amelanchier arborea · Tree

Early-summer berries arrive exactly when nestlings are being fed.

White oak
Quercus alba · Tree

Acorns plus hundreds of caterpillar species for nestling food.

Black cherry
Prunus serotina · Tree

Summer fruit and one of the top caterpillar host trees.

American elderberry
Sambucus canadensis · Shrub

Late-summer berry clusters taken by over 40 bird species.

Arrowwood viburnum
Viburnum dentatum · Shrub

Blue-black fall fruit and dense nesting cover.

Feeding hairy woodpeckers through the Virginia year

Warier than Downy and more tied to mature trees. Expect visits mainly in colder months, on suet placed near large trunks.

  • Best foods: Suet, Shelled peanuts, Black-oil sunflower.
  • In Virginia's winter: Moderate winters with periodic snow; purple finches and occasional northern finches visit feeders.

Full diet breakdown for hairy woodpeckers · Best feeder for hairy woodpeckers

Frequently asked

Are hairy woodpeckers in Virginia year-round?

Yes. Hairy Woodpeckers are year-round residents in Virginia.

When do hairy woodpeckers nest in Virginia?

Nesting in Virginia typically runs April–June, with 1 per season. Clutches are 3–6 eggs, incubated for 11–15 days.

What native plants attract hairy woodpeckers in Virginia?

Flowering dogwood, Spicebush, Oaks, Serviceberry, White oak, Black cherry, American elderberry, Arrowwood viburnum are native plants in Virginia that provide food or cover for hairy woodpeckers.

What size birdhouse hole do hairy woodpeckers need?

1 1/2 in round, with a floor of 6 × 6 in mounted 8–20 ft, box packed with wood shavings.

Hairy Woodpeckers in other regions

Other backyard birds in Virginia

Sources

  1. Hairy Woodpecker — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Hairy Woodpecker life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Hairy Woodpecker — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. NestWatch nest box plans and species requirements — Cornell Lab
  5. eBird region overview and bar charts — Virginia
  6. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  7. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.