Missouri · Year-round resident

Mourning Doves in Missouri

When mourning doves are present in Missouri, when they nest, which native Missouri plants feed them, and how to host them in a USDA 5b–7b yard.

Pigeons and doves (Columbidae)Mourning DoveZenaida macroura
Status in Missouri
Year-round resident
Nesting window
March–September
Broods
Up to 5–6 per season in the south
Hardiness zones
USDA 5b–7b

When to expect mourning doves in Missouri

Mourning Doves live in Missouri all year. Cold winters with variable snow; ice storms can shut down natural food for days. That makes the cold months the time your yard matters most to them: their winter diet shifts toward waste grain and feeder seed.

Humid continental, from the Ozark Plateau in the south to prairie and river floodplains in the north.

Nesting in Missouri

Across Missouri, mourning doves typically nest from March–September. Nest site: flimsy twig platform in trees, shrubs, gutters or ledges. Females lay 2 eggs, incubate for 14 days, and young leave the nest after 12–15 days.

Hot, humid summers.

  • Mourning Doves don't use nest boxes. Keep dense native shrubs and trees such as sugar maple for nest sites.
  • Delay heavy pruning of shrubs until after September.

Native Missouri plants that attract mourning doves

Of the regional native plants we track for Missouri, these 8 provide food or cover mourning doves use:

Wild bergamot
Monarda fistulosa · Perennial

Tubular flowers for hummingbirds and seed heads for finches.

Purple coneflower
Echinacea purpurea · Perennial

Leave seed heads up through winter for goldfinches.

Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta · Perennial

Prolific seed heads for finches and sparrows.

Common sunflower
Helianthus annuus · Perennial

Annual native sunflower — the original feeder seed.

New England aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae · Perennial

Late nectar for insects and fall seed for sparrows.

Little bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium · Perennial

Native bunchgrass; winter seed and ground cover for sparrows and juncos.

Tall goldenrod
Solidago altissima · Perennial

Insect-rich in fall and seed in winter.

Sugar maple
Acer saccharum · Tree

Hosts hundreds of caterpillar species; spring flowers draw early insects.

Feeding mourning doves through the Missouri year

Doves fill their crop quickly at ground trays and platform feeders, then digest on a nearby perch.

  • Best foods: Millet, Cracked corn, Black-oil sunflower, Safflower.
  • In Missouri's winter: Cold winters with variable snow; ice storms can shut down natural food for days.

Full diet breakdown for mourning doves · Best feeder for mourning doves

Frequently asked

Are mourning doves in Missouri year-round?

Yes. Mourning Doves are year-round residents in Missouri.

When do mourning doves nest in Missouri?

Nesting in Missouri typically runs March–September, with up to 5–6 per season in the south. Clutches are 2 eggs, incubated for 14 days.

What native plants attract mourning doves in Missouri?

Wild bergamot, Purple coneflower, Black-eyed Susan, Common sunflower, New England aster, Little bluestem, Tall goldenrod, Sugar maple are native plants in Missouri that provide food or cover for mourning doves.

Mourning Doves in other regions

Other backyard birds in Missouri

Sources

  1. Mourning Dove — All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  2. Mourning Dove life history — Cornell Lab of Ornithology
  3. Mourning Dove — Audubon Guide to North American Birds
  4. eBird region overview and bar charts — Missouri
  5. USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (2023)
  6. Audubon Native Plants Database

Timing reflects typical patterns for the region as a whole; local dates vary with elevation and year. Check the linked eBird bar charts for your county.